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目录
★lay的用法和辨析
★短语lay off,leave alone的用法
★短语keep up,lay aside的用法
★高考词汇辨析lie 、lay、lain、lay 、lying等用法
★lay的用法和辨析
一、详细释义:
adj.
凡俗的,世俗的
例句:
The lay public must be convinced that this is right and beneficial.
世俗的大众将会相信这是对的并有利的。
例句:
She serves as a lay teacher at the convent school.
她在修道院的学校当非神职的教师。
外行的
例句:
To the lay mind, these technical terms are incomprehensible.
对外行人来讲,这些技术术语是无法理解的。
例句:
This is a lay opinion as to the seriousness of the disease.
这是种关于这种疾病的非专业的意见。
n.
位置,地形
例句:
The lay of the ground hindered my view of the sea.
地形挡住了我的视线,使我看不见大海。
【俚】【粗】交媾
(供吟唱的)短叙事诗,短抒情诗 [C]
歌曲 [C]
v.
铺设,砌(砖);图 [T]
例句:
During the night, workmen ripped up the middle of the road so as to lay new pipes.
工人们在夜间挖开道路中间部分以便铺设新管道。
例句:
The veteran worker taught us how to lay bricks.
这位老工人教我们怎样砌砖。
准备,安排;拟定 [T]
例句:
You should lay up provisions for an assault.
你们该为进攻准备给养。
例句:
You have to lay the table for lunch.
你应该去摆好餐具准备吃午饭。
下蛋;产卵 [I,T]
例句:
The hens don't lay during this cold weather.
这样冷的天气母鸡不会下蛋。
例句:
Sir, what can I do? I can not lay eggs.
老爷,我有什么办法?我不会下蛋哪。
平息(尘土等);平服,去除 [T]
例句:
The docture has laid the fears of the patient.
医生已经消除了病人的顾虑。
例句:
These fears ought now to be laid.
这些疑惧现在可以平息了。
赌(钱),下(赌注),打赌 [I,T]
例句:
I'll wager you $100 that he is there.
我愿与你打赌一百元,他准在那儿。
例句:
The bible lay open at a suitable place.
圣经打开着,放在一个适当的位置上。
例句:
Gambling laid him in debt.
赌博使他负了债。
宣称;提出 [T]
例句:
The proposal was laid before the committee.
建议被提交委员会讨论。
归(罪)于;把...归于 [T]
例句:
She refused to lay the blame on any one party.
她拒绝归咎于任何一方。
例句:
He laid his failure to his lack of experience.
他把失败归咎于缺乏经验。
把(惩罚等)加于 [T]
例句:
Don't lay the panishment on me.
别惩罚我。
例句:
Police have decided not to lay charges over allegations of a telephone tapping operation.
警方决定不就涉嫌窃听电话一事提出起诉。
【俚】【粗】与...交媾 [T]
【海】就位,击船 [I]
例句:
They lay aft.
他们到船尾就位。
用力做 [I]
例句:
He laid to his work.
他努力工作。
例句:
He laid to his oars.
他奋力划桨。
[lie] 的过去式
例句:
You should lay down the butcher knife.
你该放下屠刀。
例句:
Lay a sheet of newspaper on the floor.
把一张报纸放在地板上。
二、词义辨析:
lay,place,put,set
这些动词均有“放”之意。 lay指小心地把人或物平放或横放,侧重动作安稳。 place较正式用词,指把某物放在一个正确的位置上,侧重动作的正确。 put普通用词,含义较广泛。指把人或物置于某处,并将其留在该处。 set普通用词,指为了某种目的而将人或物放在一定位置上。指物是多指立着放。
三、相关短语:
lay aside
1. 把…放在一边(或搁置一旁) 2. 留存备用;留待以后处理
lay away
v. 积蓄,埋葬
lay down
v. 1.放下,使躺下 2.交出,献出 3.规定,制定 4.兴建,建造,铺好 5.主张,断言,打赌
lay eyes on
见到,看到,注意到
lay figure
n. 人体活动模型
lay hands on
v.得到,攻击,找到
lay in
储备,贮存
lay into
痛打,鞭打;痛斥,攻击
lay off
1.把(衣服等)放在一边 2.解雇;使下岗 3.【口】(暂时)停止打扰(或取笑、批评、干涉等);不理会(某人);戒绝;停止;停下休息 4.划出...的界限;【船】放样,划线 5.【俚】(赌场老板为减少风险)把(赌注)部分转移至另一赌场老板处;两面下(注) 6.【足】传(球)
lay out
v. 1. 安排,布置,摆好,展览 2. 设计,规划
lay over
逗留,停留;推迟,将…延期
lay to rest
埋葬,了解,不再过问,搁置,淡忘
四、参考例句:
All birds lay eggs.
鸟都下蛋。
They lay aft.
他们到船尾就位。
Birds lay eggs.
鸟会下蛋。
lay out economic guidelines
制定经济方针
She lay in bed, contemplating.
她躺在床上冥思苦想。
Salvation lay in political reform.
出路在于政治改革。
Lay off the "snooze" button.
关掉“贪睡”按钮。
He lay on his back.
他仰躺着。
He lay unconscious for hours.
他昏迷了好几个小时。
She lay back in the tub.
她仰靠在浴缸里。
★短语lay off,leave alone的用法
249.lay off解雇,停止工作
用法:lay off作“解雇”解时,与kick out同义,也可以表示“停止工作,休息,脱掉,把衣服搁置一边”。
例句:Many of the older workers laid off during the recession had to accept lower pay in their new jobs. (2014年12月四级)
在大萧条时期,许多被解雇的老工人不得不接受低薪资的新工作。
语法结构:Many of the older workers是主语(of the older workers是后置定语,其中the和older是前置定语修饰workers), laid off是过去分词词组作后置定语,during the recession是状语,had to accept是谓语,lower pay in their new jobs.
250.lay out安排,设计
用法:lay out还有“花钱,花力气”的意思;其后接表示物的名词。
例句:They want to lay out the decoration of the new house by themselves.
他们想自己设计新房子的装修。
251.leave alone不打扰,不干涉
用法:leave alone的宾语成分通常位于alone之前,如果后接宾语是人称代词,必须为宾语形式。
例句:The doctor is operating on the patient; please leave him alone.
医生正在给病人做手术,请不要打扰他。
语法点:例句是现在进行时态,其构成为:am/is/are doing,表示在当下的时间正在发生的动作或所处的状态。
252.leave behind忘了带
用法:leave behind如果接的宾语是代词时,需要放在两个词之间。
例句:Theyleft behind their ID cards when they got married.
他们结婚的时候忘记带身份证了。
20200117作业动词短语:leave out遗漏,省略
用法:leave out侧重强调“遗漏”,与miss out的区别:miss out侧重指“错过”。
例句:The translation of the third paragraph of the article was left out.
★短语keep up,lay aside的用法
245.keep up保持,继续
用法:keep up也可以表示“价格居高不下,保持某一速度/水平,不落后”,其后一般不接宾语,可与介词连用,引出具体内容。
例句:If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will haveto pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them.(2011年6月六级)
如果美国想继续跟上全球经济竞争的步伐,必须要系统地关注即将毕业的少数族裔学生,而不只是招收他们。
结构分析:If引导的句子作状语,the United States是主语,wants是谓语, to keep up in the global economic race是todo结构的不定式词组作宾语, it是主语,will have to pay systematic attention to是谓语,graduating minorities, not just enrolling them是宾语。(2011年6月六级)
246.keep down撞倒,击倒
用法:keep down既可以用于主动语态,也可以用于被动语态。
例句:He knocked down several mailboxes. (2013年6月四级)
他撞倒了几个邮筒。
247.lay aside把……搁置一旁
用法:lay aside作“把……搁置一旁”解时,与set aside同义,也可以表示“留待以后使用,留存,储存”。
例句:After work, people are always willing to lay aside the work.
下班后,人们总是乐于把工作抛开。
248.lay down放下,躺下
用法:lay down与put down同义,有时可以互换。
例句:The soldiers who laid down their weapons were soon captured.
放下武器的士兵很快就被俘虏了。
20200116作业动词短语:lay off解雇,停止工作
用法:lay off作“解雇”解时,与kick out同义,也可以表示“停止工作,休息,脱掉,把衣服搁置一边”。
例句:Many of the older workers laid off during the recession had to accept lower pay in their new jobs. (2014年12月四级)
1.句子结构、时态等分析;
2.将英文译成中文。
★高考词汇辨析lie 、lay、lain、lay 、lying等用法
1. I could tell from her face that she was lying.
lie—lied—lied—lying说谎 一赖赖到底
2.He was lying on the bed smoking a cigarette.
lie—lay—lain—lying堂,位于 一躺全走样
3.He laid his bag on the desk.
lay—laid—laid—laying安放,下蛋 放假再累,也要坚持
lie on one's back:仰躺
lie down:躺下
white lie:善意的谎言
lay sb.off:解雇...(lay-off: n.解雇,裁员)